Ideal/reference point methods order a set of alternatives on the basis of their separation from the ideal point. This point represents a hypothetical alternatives (decision outcome) that consist of the most desirable weighted standardized levels of each criterion across the alternatives under consideration. The alternative that is closer to the ideal point is the best alternative. The separation is measured in terms of a distance metric. A wide range of decision rules can be developed that combine the various definitions of separation measures. One of the most popular compromise methods is the technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) (Hwang and Yoon 1981). Although the TOPSIS method can be implemented in both the raster and vector GIS environments, the technique is especially suitable for the raster data structure.
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